The establishment and development of Middle Eastern political systems; social and political processes including the end of empires, formation of nation-states, and their foreign policies.

Interconnectedness of Mediterranean cultures from the 16th c. to present. Religious and political warfare between the Ottoman and Habsburg Empires, piracy, slavery, cross-cultural trade, linguistic and cultural hybridizations, nationalism, colonialism and South shore-North shore migrations.

A broad survey of Kurdish history, from the ethnogenesis and migrations of the Kurdish people(s) in the early Islamic period to the medieval and Ottoman-era Kurdish emirates to the birth of modern Kurdish nationalism. Special attention to the nature and use of primary sources used to write Kurdish history and to the critique of contemporary literature on the subject.

Using films as historical artifacts, a complex type of document to be explored critically with regard to its ostensible subject matter, perception by different, and historical context. Based on a combination of watching and reading. To develop a better sense of the forces, dispositions, and memories still shaping events in Russia and for many Russians and to make films speak to history in a non-naïve manner, by critical contextualization.

Conservation, interpretation, communication and management of all archaeological and historical resources that are regarded as cultural heritage. Theoretical and methodological approaches, social and political factors, which shape our understanding and management of the cultural heritage. Examination of local and global, international and national institutions which deal with cultural heritage, the relevant legislation and conventions that impact the management of these resources.

European diplomatic history since the French Revolution focusing on the impact of 19th century European diplomacy on the Ottoman Empire. Concepts such as the "Balance of Power" and the "Eastern Question" are studied by investigating European policy vis-à-vis the Ottoman Empire and the Ottoman response.

Deals with ideologies such as Marxism, Fascism, Liberalism & Social Democracy. This course also compares nationalism in European and non-European countries.

Trains social sciences, humanities, and history students to use numerical and quantitative data in their fields. Helps students acquire skills in organizing, arranging, and displaying data in social sciences and in quantitative history. Demonstrates the advantages in formulating empirically testable research questions in social sciences. Familiarizes students with the notion of a critical and data-based understanding of causation and correlation. Explains the complementarity between quantitative (i.e., sampling and significance testing, modelling time series and indexing, analyzing relationships between variables) and qualitative (i.e., textual and visual analysis) methods in the social sciences, humanities and particularly history.

The history and the archaeology of the Byzantine imperial capital from its foundation to the Ottoman conquest. The functions of the built environment in relation to both historical time and urban space: the imperial palaces, the public churches, civic ritual and entertainment, economic and social services, the provision of welfare and defense, and the role of monasteries in the life of the community.

Provides a global presentation of the purpose, practices and methodologies in history-writing from the 18th to the 21st century. Examines the professionalization of history as a discipline, the importance of primary sources (such as archives) and of key notions such as causality, truth, interpretation and objectivity in history-writing.

Detailed examination of current topics in History.

Seminars where faculty, outside speakers and Ph.D. students present their academic research.

In this course, topics of quantitative research methodology and designs (experimental - quasi-experimental designs, case control, cohort, cross-sectional study), power analysis, sampling, randomization and data collection techniques, methods of analysis, the use of models and theories in research and publication ethics are included.

In this course, the basic physiological systems, cardiovascular system, respiratory system, blood and excretory system working mechanisms will be discussed in detail separately. In addition, their interaction and coordinated work with each other on the basis of ensuring body homeostasis will be studied, including possible pathologies.

Fundamental questions about the emergence of the earliest civilizations. Origins of modern humans, the earliest evidence for art and symbolic thinking, the development of agriculture, sedentism and social inequalities as well as the formation of the earliest states. Comparative perspective of the often parallel ways through which these major developments took place across different regions in the Old World and in the Americas.

Fundamental questions about the emergence of the earliest civilizations. Origins of modern humans, the earliest evidence for art and symbolic thinking, the development of agriculture, sedentism and social inequalities as well as the formation of the earliest states. Comparative perspective of the often parallel ways through which these major developments took place across different regions in the Old World and in the Americas.

The history, archaeology, art and architecture of societies and civilizations of the Mediterranean region from the prehistory until the 15th century AD. Focusing on the examination, discussion and analysis of the art, architecture, history and religion of various civilizations in Anatolia, Near East, the Levant, Northern Africa, Greece and western Mediterranean countries. Some basic questions such as exchange, continuity and discontinuity, trade, migration, traditions and innovations.

Introduction to the key issues in the cultural history of Europe, Near Eastern Mediterranean, Eurasia and Americas from the 5th century A.D. to the 15th century, emphasis on aspects, which have contributed to our modern cultures. Various sources, methods of analysis of history, society, religion and art of medieval cultures as well as their mutual relationships and connections. Focusing on the Byzantine world and Medieval Europe, the rise and spreading of Islamic civilizations, the developments in Eurasian and Mesoamerican civilizations before the 15th century.

Introduction to the key issues in the cultural history of Europe, Near Eastern Mediterranean, Eurasia and Americas from the 5th century A.D. to the 15th century, emphasis on aspects, which have contributed to our modern cultures. Various sources, methods of analysis of history, society, religion and art of medieval cultures as well as their mutual relationships and connections. Focusing on the Byzantine world and Medieval Europe, the rise and spreading of Islamic civilizations, the developments in Eurasian and Mesoamerican civilizations before the 15th century.

Explores the relationship between people and things. Examines a wide variety of approaches to the world of objects, artifacts and material goods using several disciplines and perspectives, including archaeology, philosophy, materialist and cognitive approaches, consumption studies, phenomenology, social constructivism, actor-network-theory. Explores the relationship between people and things. Examines a wide variety of approaches to the world of objects, artifacts and material goods using several disciplines and perspectives, including archaeology, philosophy, materialist and cognitive approaches, consumption studies, phenomenology, social constructivism, actor-network-theory.

This course will examine the multi-layered history of Istanbul, focusing primarily on the built environment. In a chronological fashion, the course will explore changes and continuities in the urban space in relation to the city's political, social and economic history, from the Byzantine imperial capital to its transformation into an Ottoman city, and from an Ottoman into a modern city in the Late Ottoman and Republican periods. Within the chronological framework, the course will give a thematic overview over fortifications, imperial palaces, mosques, churches, synagogues, modest neighborhoods, commercial centers, and spaces for civic ritual and entertainment.

This course will examine the multi-layered history of Istanbul, focusing primarily on the built environment. In a chronological fashion, the course will explore changes and continuities in the urban space in relation to the city's political, social and economic history, from the Byzantine imperial capital to its transformation into an Ottoman city, and from an Ottoman into a modern city in the Late Ottoman and Republican periods. Within the chronological framework, the course will give a thematic overview over fortifications, imperial palaces, mosques, churches, synagogues, modest neighborhoods, commercial centers, and spaces for civic ritual and entertainment.

This course will examine the multi-layered history of Istanbul, focusing primarily on the built environment. In a chronological fashion, the course will explore changes and continuities in the urban space in relation to the city's political, social and economic history, from the Byzantine imperial capital to its transformation into an Ottoman city, and from an Ottoman into a modern city in the Late Ottoman and Republican periods. Within the chronological framework, the course will give a thematic overview over fortifications, imperial palaces, mosques, churches, synagogues, modest neighborhoods, commercial centers, and spaces for civic ritual and entertainment.